Field Programmable Gate Arrays are chips that can be programmed to do any function that can be done with Digital Logic. They can usually be reprogrammed wherever you want (in the field) and can take whole processors. The biggest ones have more transistors than the Pentium III Processor.
Boards that one can use for quick prototyping. So when you have an FPGA, you go an get some board, plug the FPGA into the board, download your design and test if it works.
Lists all manufacturers of field programmable devices (FPGAs).
Almost every company listed offers all of the following:
1. Software to create designs for their devices.
2. Software to configure their devices.
3. Cores and IP for their devices (possibly for a fee).
4. Engineering support.
Any companies offering ASICs with FPGA-like cores are listed in Computers: Hardware: Components: ASICs and Chips.