The sole purpose of the parathyroid glands is to regulate the calcium levels so the nervous and muscular systems can function properly. They are four pea sized glands located behind the thyroid.
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Hyperparathyoidism is a disorder of the parathyroid glands.
The parathyroids are located behind the thyroid gland in the neck. In hyperparathyroidism, a blood test, will indicate elevated calcium, caused by too much parathyroid hormone.
Hypoparathyroidism is decreased function of the parathyroid glands, leading to decreased levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). The consequence, hypocalcemia, a serious medical condition.