The Magnoliophyta is the largest plant group on Earth, containing more than 250,000 described species. The Magnoliophyta is subdivided into two classes, Liliopsida (monocots) and Magnoliopsida (dicots).
Plants in this division are also termed the Angiosperms, or flowering plants. They have leaves, stems, roots, and vascular tissue (xylem and
phloem). The ovules develop into seeds and are enclosed within an ovary, thus the term angiosperm, meaning "enclosed seed". The flowering
plants include all cereal grains, grasses, broad-leaved shrubs and trees and most ornamentals.
The Liliopsida are the class of flowering plants traditionally classified as monocotyledons. The monocots produce a single seed leaf that pushes through the soil when they germinate as against the pair of seed leaves produced by dicots. About one fifth of the flowering plants are monocots, about 50,000 species, and they include daffodils, bromeliads, lilies, irises, palms, orchids, sedges, rushes and grass. The grasses are of enormous economic importance, including as they do the cereals, and other food plants that are monocots include bananas, dates, pineapples, coconuts yams and onions.
The monocots are listed under their family names.
Magnoliopsida is the group of flowering plants traditionally classified as dicotyledons. The dicots produce a pair of seed leaves that push through the soil when they germinate as against the single leaf produced by monocots. About four fifths of the flowering plants are dicots, about 200,000 species, and they include oaks, potatoes, daisies, cabbages, roses, cacti, buttercups, chestnut trees, heathers, mints and beans.
The dicots are listed under their family names.
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